MENAKAR EFEKTIVITAS PENDEKATAN PENAATAN (COMPLIANCE APPROACH) DAN PENDEKATAN PENJERAAN (DETERRENCE APPROACH) DALAM PENEGAKAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN

Abstract

Abstract

In an effort to regulate environmental law, it is known that there is a Command and Control instrument which is also known as a regulatory chain because the process starts from planning, drafting regulations, issuing permits, monitoring to the imposition of sanctions. In its implementation, it is known that there is a compliance approach and a deterrence approach. The compliance approach is identical to preventive legal remedies, while the deterrence approach is identical to repressive law enforcement. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of both through various sources and references. The results of the study show that although both approaches have advantages and disadvantages, in the context of structuring environmental law in Indonesia, their existence is still needed to be the next law enforcement effort when law enforcement that was carried out earlier did not go well. The key to effectiveness is in addition to being in compliance, the element of firmness and consistency of law enforcement and administrative officials also has a major role in efforts to realize environmental management in order to encourage improvements in environmental management in Indonesia.

Abstrak

Dalam upaya penataan hukum lingkungan dikenal adanya instrumen Command and Control yang disebut juga rantai regulasi karena prosesnya dari perencanaan, penyusunan regulasi, penerbitan izin, pengawasan hingga ke pengenaan sanksi. Dalam pelaksanaannya dikenal adanya pendekatan penaatan atau compliance approach dan pendekatan penjeraan atau deterrence approach. Pendekatan penaatan indentik dengan upaya hukum preventif, sementara pendekatan penjeraan identik dengan penegakan hukum represif.  Tulisan ini menganalisa efektifitas keduanya melalui berbagai sumber dan referensi. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa kedua pendekaan tersebut meskipun memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan, namun dalam konteks penataan hukum lingkungan di Indonesia keberadaan keduanya masih diperlukan untuk menjadi upaya penegakan hukum berikutnya manakala penegakan hukum yang dilakukan lebih dulu tidak berjalan dengan baik. Kunci efektifitas selain berada pada kepatuhan, unsure  ketegasan dan konsistensi para penegak hukum dan pejabat administratif juga memiliki  peran yang besar dalam upaya mewujudkan penataan lingkungan hidup guna mendorong perbaikan pengelolan lingkungan hidup di Indonesia.