Flood Hazard Level Analysis of Kapuas Hulu Sub-watershed Using Geographic Information System

Nunut Rialdi Simanjuntak, Umar Umar, Danang Gunarto, S. B. Soeryamassoeka

Abstract


This article analyzes the flood hazard level in the Kapuas Hulu Sub-watershed using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The flood risk in this region is influenced by various factors such as soil types, land cover, elevation, slope, rainfall, and human activities. Ultisol (64.44%) significantly contributes to flood risk due to its low water permeability, leading to surface runoff during heavy rain. Inceptisol (31.73%) also plays a role in flood dynamics, with its water retention capacity dependent on vegetation. Smaller areas of Histosol (0.50%) and Spodosol (0.07%) pose localized flooding risks in lowland regions. The dominant land cover, primarily dryland forest, helps mitigate flooding, while settlements and agricultural zones increase vulnerability by reducing water absorption. Low-lying areas (50-100 meters) and steep slopes (25-45%) further exacerbate flood potential—areas receiving moderate to high rainfall increase surface runoff and flood risk. GIS-based analysis categorizes flood vulnerability into low, medium, and high levels, with 57.71% of the area classified as low vulnerability. Recommendations for flood risk mitigation include soil conservation, reforestation, sustainable land management, and drainage system improvements in vulnerable areas.


Keywords


Flood Hazard, Kapuas Hulu Sub-watershed, GIS Analysis, Flood Risk Factors, Vulnerability Assessment

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26418/jts.v24i4.86222

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