KARAKTERISTIK LIMBAH BIOMASSA KULIT BATANG SAGU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU ENERGI ALTERNATIF DI PROVINSI RIAU

Rina Novia Yanti, Eno Suarno, Ambar Tri Ratnaningsih

Abstract


The availability of fossil energy is decreasing and one day will experience scarcity. For this reason, it is necessary to look for various alternative materials for new renewable energy sources, one of which is by utilizing biomass energy. Sago waste is a form of biomass derived from non-timber forest products. Sago waste found in Meranti Islands Regency has the opportunity to be used as alternative energy raw materials such as biopellets, biobriquettes, and bio gas. Biomass has certain properties according to its type, where it grows, and environmental conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the properties of biomass before use. This study aims to study the physical and chemical properties of sago husk waste as a bioenergy raw material. The method in this research is to analyze the properties of chemical balances in the laboratory and the data obtained are analyzed descriptively. The results of the study of the chemical properties of sago stems were extractive substances of 3.2%, holocellulose content of 53.33%. Hemicellulose 23,58 %, alpha cellulose 29,75 5 and lignin 32, 29 %. As for the physical properties, the water content is 11.29%, the ash content is 1.87%, and the air content is 80.64%. Based on the chemical and physical properties based on laboratory tests, sago husk is mostly used as a raw material for bio gas but is also suitable for the manufacture of biobriquettes, bio pellets and charcoal.

Keywords: extractive, holocellulose, lignin, sago bark

 Abstrak

Ketersediaan energi fosil semakin lama semakin berkurang dan suatu saat akan mengalami kelangkaan. Untuk itu perlu dicari berbagai bahan alternatif sumber energi baru terbarukan, salah satunya memanfaatkan energi biomassa. Limbah sagu merupakan salah bentuk biomassa, yang berasal dari hasil hutan bukan  kayu. Limbah Sagu yang terdapat di Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti berpotensi untuk dijadikan bahan baku energi alternatif seperti bio pelet, bio briket, bio gas. Biomassa memiliki sifat spesifik sesuai dengan jenis, tempat tumbuhnya dan kondisi lingkungan. Oleh karena itu perlu dipahami sifat-sifat biomassa sebelum dimanfaatkan. Tujan penelitian ini adalah mempejari sifat fisik kimia limbah kulit batang sagu sebagai bahan baku bioenergi. Metode dalam penelitian ini melakukan analisis sifat sisik kimia secara laboratorium dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian dari sifat kimia batang sagu adalah zat ekstraktif 3,2 %, kadar holoselulosa 53,33%. Hemiselulosa 23,58 %, alpheselulosa 29,75 5 dan lignin 32, 29 %. Sedangkan untuk sifat fisik yaitu kadar air 11, 29 %, kadar abu 1,87%, kadar zat erbang 80,64 %. Berdasarkan sifat kimia dan fisis berdasarkan uji laboratorium, kulit batang sagu lebih cocok digunakan sebagai bahan baku bio gas tetapi berpotensi juga dijadikan bio briket, bio pelet dan arang.

Kata kunci : ekstraktif, holoselulusa, lignin, kulit batang sagu


Keywords


ekstraktif, holoselulusa, lignin, kulit batang sagu

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jhl.v10i3.58018

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Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Tanjungpura