PERBEDAAN SIKAP SISWA TERHADAP SAINS: STUDI BERDASARKAN LEVEL PENDIDIKAN DAN GENDER

Ahmad Suryadi; Mirnawati Mirnawati; Nur Fadhilah

doi:10.26418/jpmipa.v11i2.36832

PERBEDAAN SIKAP SISWA TERHADAP SAINS: STUDI BERDASARKAN LEVEL PENDIDIKAN DAN GENDER

Ahmad Suryadi, Mirnawati Mirnawati, Nur Fadhilah

Abstract

Attitude toward science is believed as one of the factors that can influence student learning outcomes. Therefore, information related to students attitudes towards science is important. This study aims to determine the effect of different levels of education and gender on students attitudes towards science. Student attitudes toward science were measured using a questionnaire instrument with a Likert scale that was adapted to the My Attitude Toward Science (MATS) instrument. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and Mann-Whitney test. In general, the results of the study indicated students showed positive attitudes towards science. Mann-Whitney test results also showed that the level of education has a significant effect on students' attitudes towards science statistically [U=4259.5; p<0.05]. Meanwhile, statistically, gender differences significantly influence students' attitudes towards science [U=4384.0; p<0.05]. The implication of this study is teachers could consider these results when they want to design instruction. In addition, this result is also important to preservice science teachers at the level of junior high school and senior high school to know the characteristics of the students attitude.

Abstrak

Sikap terhadap pelajaran sains dipahami sebagai salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi hasil belajar siswa. Oleh karena itu, informasi terkait sikap siswa terhadap sains menjadi penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan level pendidikan dan gender terhadap sikap siswa terhadap sain. Sikap siswa terhadap sains diukur dengan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner dengan skala likert. Sikap siswa terhadap sains diukur dengan menggunakan instrumen My Attitude Toward Science (MATS). Data dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif dan uji Mann-Whitney. Secara umum, hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi sikap siswa yang positif terhadap sains. Hasil Mann-Whitney test menunjukkan bahwa secara statistik, level pendidikan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap siswa terhadap sains [U=4259,5; p<0,05]. Sementara itu, secara statistik, perbedaan jenis kelamin berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap siswa terhadap sains [U = 4384,0; p<0,05]. Guru dapat menjadikan hasil ini sebagai pertimbangan dalam merancang pembelajaran. Selain itu, hasil ini juga penting diketahui bagi calon guru sains pada tingkatan Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) maupun Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) sebagai salah satu poin yang perlu diperhatikan dalam mengajar.

Kata Kunci: Gender, Level Pendidikan, Sains, Sikap

Keywords

Gender; Education Level; Science; Attitude toward science

Full Text:

PDF

References

Akcay, B. (2011). Turkish Elementary And Secondary Students’ Views About Science And Scientist. Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, 12(1), 1–11.

Aslan, C., & Aslan, B. (2009). Differences In Teacher Candidates’ Attitudes Toward Science According To Some Psycho-Social Variables. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 1582–1585.

Awan, R. -U. -N., Sarwar, M., Naz, A., & Noreen, G. (2011). Attitudes Toward Science Among School Students Of Different Nations: A Review Study. Journal of College Teaching & Learning (TLC), 8(2).

Badri, M., Alnuaimi, A., Mohaidat, J., Al Rashedi, A., Yang, G., & Al Mazroui, K. (2016). My Science Class And Expected Career Choices—A Structural Equation Model Of Determinants Involving Abu Dhabi High School Students. International Journal of STEM Education, 3(1), 12.

Boda, P. A., & Brown, B. (2020). Priming Urban Learners’ Attitudes Toward The Relevancy Of Science: A Mixed?Methods Study Testing The Importance Of Context. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 57(4), 567–596.

Chi, S., Wang, Z., Liu, X., & Zhu, L. (2017). Associations Among Attitudes, Perceived Difficulty Of Learning Science, Gender, Parents’ Occupation And Students’ Scientific Competencies. International Journal of Science Education, 39(16), 2171–2188.

Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, And Evaluating Quantitative And Qualitative Research (4th ed). Pearson.

Dorph, R., Bathgate, M. E., Schunn, C. D., & Cannady, M. A. (2018). When I grow Up: The Relationship Of Science Learning Activation To STEM Career Preferences. International Journal of Science Education, 40(9), 1034–1057.

Eren, C. D., Bayrak, B. K., & Benzer, E. (2015). The Examination of Primary School Students’ Attitudes Toward Science Course and Experiments in Terms of Some Variables. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 1006–1014.

Fasasi, R. A. (2017). Effects of Ethnoscience Instruction, School Location, And Parental Educational Status On Learners’ Attitude Towards Science. International Journal of Science Education, 39(5), 548–564.

Feist, G. J. (2012). Predicting Interest In And Attitudes Toward Science From Personality And Need For Cognition. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(7), 771–775.

Field, A. P. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS: And sex, drugs and rock “n” roll (3rd ed). SAGE Publications.

Francis, B., Archer, L., Moote, J., de Witt, J., & Yeomans, L. (2017). Femininity, Science, And The Denigration Of The Girly Girl. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 38(8), 1097–1110.

Fulmer, G. W. (2014). Undergraduates’ Attitudes Toward Science and Their Epistemological Beliefs: Positive Effects of Certainty and Authority Beliefs. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 23(1), 198–206.

Hall, W. J., & Rodgers, G. K. (2019). Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Homosexuality And The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Queer Community In The United States. Social Psychology of Education, 22(1), 23–41.

Harrison, M., Dunbar, D., Ratmansky, L., Boyd, K., & Lopatto, D. (2011). Classroom-Based Science Research at the Introductory Level: Changes in Career Choices and Attitude. CBE — Life Sciences Education, 10(3), 279–286.

Hillman, S. J., Zeeman, S. I., Tilburg, C. E., & List, H. E. (2016). My Attitudes Toward Science (MATS): The Development Of A Multidimensional Instrument Measuring Students’ Science Attitudes. Learning Environments Research, 19(2), 203–219.

Hsu, P. -S., Lee, E. M., Ginting, S., Smith, T. J., & Kraft, C. (2019). A Case Study Exploring Non-dominant Youths’ Attitudes Toward Science Through Making and Scientific Argumentation. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 17(S1), 185–207.

Hu, X., Leung, F. K. S., & Chen, G. (2018). School, family, And Student Factors Behind Student Attitudes Towards Science: The Case Of Hong Kong Fourth-Graders. International Journal of Educational Research, 92, 135–144.

Hung, V. (2018). Reflecting Science Education Across Diverse Asian Contexts. Studies in Science Education, 54(2), 207–215.

Jho, H., Yoon, H. -G., & Kim, M. (2014). The Relationship of Science Knowledge, Attitude and Decision Making on Socio-scientific Issues: The Case Study of Students’ Debates on a Nuclear Power Plant in Korea. Science & Education, 23(5), 1131–1151.

Kemendikbud. (2016). Silabus Mata Pelajaran Sekolah Menengah Atas/Madrasah Aliyah. BPSDMPK-PMP.

Krell, M., Redman, C., Mathesius, S., Krüger, D., & van Driel, J. (2018). Assessing Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Scientific Reasoning Competencies. Research in Science Education.

McDonald, C. V., Klieve, H., & Kanasa, H. (2019). Exploring Australian Preservice Primary Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Teaching Science Using the Dimensions of Attitude toward Science (DAS). Research in Science Education.

Miller, D. I., Nolla, K. M., Eagly, A. H., & Uttal, D. H. (2018). The Development of Children’s Gender-Science Stereotypes: A Meta-analysis of 5 Decades of U.S. Draw-A-Scientist Studies. Child Development, 89(6), 1943–1955.

Mugaloglu, E. Z., & Bayram, H. (2009). How Are Prospective Science Teachers’ Values And Their Attitudes Toward Science Associated?: Implications For Science Teacher Training Programs. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 749–752.

OECD. (2016). Country Note – Results from PISA 2015 (pp. 1–8). OECD Publishing.

Oliver, J. S., & Simpson, R. D. (1988). Influences Of Attitude Toward Science, Achievement Motivation, And Science Self Concept On Achievement In Science: A longitudinal study. Science Education, 72(2), 143–155.

Pinson, H., Feniger, Y., & Barak, Y. (2020). Explaining A Reverse Gender Gap In Advanced Physics And Computer Science Course?Taking: An Exploratory Case Study Comparing Hebrew?Speaking And Arabic?Speaking High Schools In Israel. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, tea, 21622.

Said, Z., Summers, R., Abd-El-Khalick, F., & Wang, S. (2016). Attitudes Toward Science Among Grades 3 Through 12 Arab Students In Qatar: Findings From A Cross-Sectional National Study. International Journal of Science Education, 38(4), 621–643.

Simon, R. M., Wagner, A., & Killion, B. (2017). Gender And Choosing A Stem Major In College: Femininity, Masculinity, Chilly Climate, And Occupational Values: Femininity, Masculinity, And Majoring In A Stem Field. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 54(3), 299–323.

Simorangkir, D. (2011). The Impact of the Feminization of the Public Relations Industry in Indonesia on Communication Practice. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 5(1), 26–48.

Summers, R., & Abd?El?Khalick, F. (2019). An Exploration Of Illinois Students’ Attitudes Toward Science Using Multivariate Multilevel Modeling With A Cross?Sectional Sample Of Responses From Grades 5 Through 10. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 56(8), 1106–1134.

Tommasi, M., Petricca, P., Cozzolino, G., & Casadio, C. (2020). Attitudes Towards Scientific Knowledge: Social Dispositions And Personality Traits. Synthese. From :https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-020-02632-0

Veloo, A., Perumal, S., & Vikneswary, R. (2013). Inquiry-based Instruction, Students’ Attitudes and Teachers’ Support Towards Science Achievement in Rural Primary Schools. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 65–69.

Zain, A. N. M., Rohandi, & Jusoh, A. (2010). Instructional Congruence And Changing Students’ Attitudes And Interests Toward Science In “Low Performing” Secondary Schools. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 1260–1265.

Zeidan, A. (2010). The Relationship Between Grade 11 Palestinian Attitudes Toward Biology and Their Perceptions of The Biology Learning Environment. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 8(5), 783–800.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26418/jpmipa.v11i2.36832